Scientific method Essay Example for Free

Scientific method Essay1)What type of team was formed here? Was it necessary, in your opinion? 2)Use the team effectiveness model and related information in chapter 8, to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this teams environment, design and processes. 3)Assuming that these four people must stick around to work as a team, recommend ways to improve the teams effectiveness. An average, or typical, lesson is often not the richest in information. In clear up lines of history and causation it is more useful to select subjects that offer an interesting, unusual or particularly revealing set of circumstances. A case selection that is ground on representativeness will seldom be able to produce these kinds of insights. When selecting a subject for a case ask, researchers will therefore use information-oriented sampling, as foreign to random sampling. Outlier cases (that is, those which are extreme, deviant or atypical) reveal more information than the potentially representative case. Alternatively, a case may be selected as a key case, chosen because of the inherent interest of the case or the circumstances surrounding it.Or it may be chosen because of researchers in-depth local knowledge where researchers need this local knowledge they are in a position to soak and poke as Fenno6 puts it, and thereby to offer reasoned lines of explanation based on this rich knowledge of setting and circumstances. Three types of cases may indeed be distinguished Key cases Outlier cases Local knowledge cases Whatever the frame of reference for the natural selection of the subject of the case study (key, outlier, local knowledge), there is a distinction to be made between the subjestorical unity 7 through which the theoretical focus of the study is being viewed.The object is that theoretical focus the analytical frame. Thus, for example, if a researcher were interested in US resistance to communist expansion as a theoretical focus, then the Korean War might be taken to be the subject, the lens, the case study through which the theoretical focus, the object, could be viewed and explicated. 8 Beyond decisions somewhat case selection and the subject and object of the study, decisions need to be made about purpose, approach and process in the case study.Thomas3 thus proposes a typology for the case study wherein purposes are first identified (evaluative or exploratory), then approaches are delineated (theory-testing, theory-building or illustrative), then processes are decided upon, with a principal weft being between whether the study is to be single or multiple, and choices also about whether the study is to be retrospective, snapshot or diachronic, and whether it is nested, parallel or sequential.It is thus possible to take many routes through this typology, with, for example, an exploratory, theory-building, multiple, nested study, or an evaluative, theory-testing, single, retrospective study. The typology thus offers many permutations for case study structure. A closely related study in medicine is the case report, which identifies a specific case as treated and/or examined by the authors as presented in a novel form.These are, to a differentiable degree, similar to the case study in that many contain reviews of the relevant literature of the topic discussed in the thorough examination of an array of cases published to tick the criterion of the report being presented. These case reports can be thought of as brief case studies with a principal discussion of the new, presented case at hand that presents a novel interest.